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Monday, September 2, 2013

Lesson XIX Canadian English

Canadian English (CanE, CE, en-CA) is the variety of English spoken in Canada. English is the first language, or "mother tongue", of approximately 24 million Canadians (77%), and more than 28 million (86%) are fluent in the language. 82% of Canadians outside Quebec speak English natively, but within Quebec the figure drops to just 7.7%, as most residents are native speakers of Quebec French.
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Canadian English contains elements of British English and American English in its vocabulary, as well as many distinctive Canadianisms. In many areas, speech is influenced by French. There are notable local variations. The phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicon for most of Canada are similar to that of the Western and Midland regions of the United States.
 The Canadian Great Lakes region has similarities to that of the Upper Midwest & Great Lakes region and/or Yooper dialect (in particular Michigan which has extensive cultural and economic ties with Ontario), while the phonological system of western and central Canadian English is similar in some aspects to that of the Pacific Northwest of the United States.
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The intonation and pronunciation of some vowel sounds have similarities to the dialects of Scotland and to accents in Northern England such as Geordie, for example the raising to "about" to sound roughly like "aboot" or "aboat", is also heard in Scotland and the Tyneside area of England.[citation needed]
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Canadian English and American English are sometimes classified together as North American English, emphasizing the fact that many outsiders from English-speaking countries cannot distinguish Canadian English from American English by sound. Canadian English spelling is largely a blend of British and American conventions.

Lesson XVIII Hinglish



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Hinglish (the name is a portmanteau of "Hindi" and "English") is a macaronic language, a hybrid of English and South Asian languages – it is a code-switching variety of these languages whereby they are freely interchanged within a sentence or between sentences. While the name is based on the Hindi language, it does not refer exclusively to Hindi, but "is used in India, with English words blending with Punjabi, and Hindi, and also within British Asian families to enliven standard English." Some examples of Hinglish vocabulary are:

airdash: going somewhere in a hurry

stadium: a bald man with a fringe of hair



pre-pone: the opposite of postpone, to bring something forward in time



co-brother: brother-in-law

Eve teasing: street sexual harassment

glassy: wanting a drink

timepass: a distraction to pass the time

badmash: hooligan

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This is more commonly seen in urban and semi-urban centers of the Hindi-speaking states of India,[4] but is slowly spreading into rural and remote areas of these states via television, mobile phones and word of mouth, slowly achieving vernacular status.[citation needed] Many speakers do not realize that they are incorporating English words into Hindi sentences or Hindi words into English sentences.[citation needed] David Crystal, a British linguist at the University of Wales, projected in 2004 that at about 350 million, the world's Hinglish speakers may soon outnumber native English speakers.

Columnist Karan Kumawat was the first author to use Hinglish in her work.[6] Author Shobhaa De then began to use Hinglish elements in her books and columns in the Indian magazine Stardust.[6] Other authors who have used Hinglish extensively in their novels are Salman Rushdie and Upamanyu Chatterjee.

Over the years, Hinglish has been effectively used in Indian advertising in advertising slogans, like Pepsi's 1998 slogan Yeh Dil Maange More! (This heart desires more!), Yehi hai right choice, Baby (This is the Right Choice, Baby), Yeh Hai Youngistaan.

In 2003, a trend of Hinglish pop songs was popularized by DJ Aqeel whose Tu Hai Wohi became a success. Other Hinglish songs soon followed like "Chadti Jawani Meri Chaal Mastani" by Harry Anand which samples the "The Ketchup Song" and Kaanta Laga by DJ Doll.

In 2005, Baljinder Kaur Mahal (pen name BK Mahal) wrote a book called The Queen's Hinglish: How to Speak Pukkapublished by Collins.

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Hinglish is also affecting the English spoken in England, with the adaptation of words and expressions used by Indian immigrants and their offspring into colloquial English in England.

A dictionary for Hinglish has also been published.

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Hinglish is also the way English is pronounced by people speaking Hindi. Example of Hinglish: 'juoloji' for zoology, 'pphunny' for funny, 'pphor' for four/for, 'joo' for zoo, 'iskool' for school, 'ispade' for spade and other twin consonants starting with the letter 's' at the beginning of a word, 'iskander' for Alexander.

Lesson XVII Australian English

HI!
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As I said before besides English, which we are trying to learn there is even more than one English in use on the whole world. Bellow I will present one of them:


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Australian English (AusE, AuE, AusEng, en-AU) is a major variety of the English language and is used throughout Australia. Although English has no official status in the Constitution, Australian English is Australia's de facto official language and is the first language of the majority of the population.
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Australian English started diverging from British English after the founding of the colony of New South Wales in 1788 and was recognised as being different from British English by 1820, arising from the intermingling of early settlers from a great variety of mutually intelligible dialectal regions of the British Isles and quickly developed into a distinct variety of English.
Australian English differs from other varieties of English in vocabulary, accent, pronunciation, register, grammar and spelling.




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Monday, August 26, 2013

Lesson XVI About English

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English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now the most widely used language in the world. It is spoken as a first language by the majority populations of several sovereign states, including the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand and a number of Caribbean nations. It is the third-most-common native language in the world, after Mandarin Chinese and Spanish. It is widely learned as a second language and is an official language of the European Union, many Commonwealth countries and the United Nations, as well as in many world organisations.

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English arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and what is now southeast Scotland. Following the extensive influence of Great Britain and the United Kingdom from the 17th century to the mid-20th century, through the British Empire, and also of the United States since the mid-20th century,[dubious – discuss] it has been widely propagated around the world, becoming the leading language of international discourse and the lingua franca in many regions.


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Historically, English originated from the fusion of closely related dialects, now collectively termed Old English, which were brought to the eastern coast of Great Britain by Germanic settlers (Anglo-Saxons) by the 5th century – with the word English being derived from the name of the Angles, and ultimately from their ancestral region of Angeln (in what is now Schleswig-Holstein). A significant number of English words are constructed on the basis of roots from Latin, because Latin in some form was the lingua franca of the Christian Church and of European intellectual life. The language was further influenced by the Old Norse language because of Viking invasions in the 9th and 10th centuries.

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The Norman conquest of England in the 11th century gave rise to heavy borrowings from Norman French, and vocabulary and spelling conventions began to give the appearance of a close relationship with Romance languages[14][15] to what had then become Middle English. The Great Vowel Shift that began in the south of England in the 15th century is one of the historical events that mark the emergence of Modern English from Middle English.




Owing to the assimilation of words from many other languages throughout history, modern English contains a very large vocabulary, with complex and irregular spelling, particularly of vowels. Modern English has not only assimilated words from other European languages, but from all over the world. The Oxford English Dictionary lists over 250,000 distinct words, not including many technical, scientific, and slang terms

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Wednesday, August 21, 2013

Lesson XIV Learning English Abroad

One of the great way to improve your English skills is to take part in English courses abroad.

Here we have some sites where you can find some nice trips:


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You can find there courses for adults too. You can learn English in England, USA, Canada, Malta, South Africa, India, Philippines, Barbados, Australia etc. 


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There are many ways you can choose and find the one which fits you the best.

Learning abroad with group can be more fun and a great experience.

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Friday, August 9, 2013

Lesson XIII How to avoid making mistakes while speaking!

Hi! Today very important lesson for us. The topic is "How to avoid making mistakes while speaking in English". Everybody is making mistakes, sometimes we are aware of that, sometimes not, but don't worry! Now I will present some tips.
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Reasons why you are making misatkes:
  1. producing sentences too carelessly 
or:

     2.  too early


TIPS:
  • use simple language

 (some beginners try to build very complicated sentences with things like the present perfect tense or conditionals) you should say what you can say 

  • be slow and careful(when you’re speaking, it’s okay to build a sentence for some time in your head before you open your mouth)


  • if you’re not sure how to say something, don’t say it


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  • know where you can fail 
(sometimes learners don’t even realize how different English is from their native language. When speaking, they translate word for word from their native language, and they think their sentences are okay)

It is much better to be slow and correct than be fluent and make a lot of mistakes

Wednesday, August 7, 2013

Lesson XII - Speaking fast English

How to speak fast English?


  • !Read newspaper everyday, and read it loudly as fast as you can.
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It helps your brain to work faster as there will be better coordination between your thoughts and verbal expression.


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  • !Read at least three conversations on the website everyday. Read them loudly and fast. Repeat the conversations often.




  • !Talk to a friend or family member and ask for help in quick speaking. Speak on a topic for 15 seconds as fast as can. You have to speak on ten topics. Topics of speaking will be given to you by your friend or family member. Now and then you can also have this practice of quick-speaking alone. Write ten topics on a paper and start speaking practice.